Blog Archive

Thursday, February 20, 2025

The Importance of Environmental Protection and Expertise: Science and Policy Should Be Integrated but Separate


     As a new government administration takes hold in the U.S., one that can be unpredictable and distrustful of regulatory policy, we all should remind ourselves that public and environmental health are important. Much of the science is quite settled on what is harmful and what is not. Safety and contaminant limits might move up and down according to changes in perceived risk. Perceived risk is affected by many things other than science including media, public opinion, one’s psychological tendencies, past associations, one’s neurobiology (amygdala system), and the policy positions of one’s political affiliations.

Tom Nichols and the Death of Expertise

     Tom Nichols, in an article in The Atlantic, suggests that the DOGE firings are really a war on expertise. That may be the case as there is little doubt that MAGA people seem to distrust experts. Sometimes, as with COVID, he concedes that some of that is warranted. He seems to suggest that DOGE is leveraging that distrust and outrage to justify firings. We should remember that firings are common when administrations change and the government is reorganized, but the chaotic methods of DOGE have laid bare their own lack of expertise and manufactured outrage with the Gaza condom gaffe and the ‘150-year-olds getting social security’ gaffe. Downsizing government is one thing, but overemphasizing ideology and policy positions about things like DEI, LGBTQ issues, and other culture war issues in that reorganization, has not been the norm in the past. However, one could also argue that the previous administration had more ideological hires to support policy positions so a reversal is warranted.

     Nichols studies expertise and the title of his Atlantic article and of his book 2017 book, updated to a 2nd edition in 2024, is The Death of Expertise: The Campaign Against Established Knowledge and Why It Matters, argues as have others that Musk has no auditing expertise. He says that distrust of and turning away from expertise is driven by two social ills: narcissism and resentment. He charges Musk with attempting to portray wealth as competence. He sees Trump’s grievance-based politics as evidence of resentment against apolitical experts, which he says people like Musk and Trump see as contemptible “elites.” Nichols says that we will soon find out that we need experts in all aspects of public service. I wonder if he is right. The recent firing and rehiring or seeking to rehire important nuclear, military, public health, and EPA personnel is a result of the chaotic and aggressive way the current downsizing purge is being done.  

The first step in containing the damage is to see Trump’s and Musk’s goals for DOGE clearly: It is a project rooted in resentful arrogance, and its true objective is not better government, but destruction.”

The book description explains that the abandonment of expertise is due to:

…the openness of the internet, the emergence of a customer satisfaction model in higher education, the transformation of the news industry into a 24-hour entertainment machine, and importantly, the election of Donald Trump. Paradoxically, the increasingly democratic dissemination of information, rather than producing an educated public, has instead created an army of ill-informed and angry citizens who denounce intellectual achievement. When ordinary citizens believe that no one knows more than anyone else, democratic institutions themselves are in danger of falling either to populism or to technocracy or, in the worst case, a combination of both.

     One reviewer of Nichol’s book noted a tidbit of wisdom from his Mom:

"Nobody knows it all like a know nothing."

 

The Role of Experts

     Our modern form of anti-intellectualism that sometimes elevates superstition over logical analysis is not the same as pragmatic common sense which emphasizes good judgment. For example, RFK Jr.’s views on vaccines and bioengineering are not based on sound scientific judgment.

     As others have noted, including Alex Epstein in his book The Moral Case for Fossil Fuels, the role of experts is debatable. Epstein sees the role of experts as advisors. Certainly, science expertise does not translate to policy expertise. Scientists are not experts on policy. Scientists focus on science, not on the social, cultural, political, and environmental impacts of science and technology. Thus, I would agree with Epstein that science and policy should remain separated. Science and policy should, however, be integrated, with policy aligning to the best science if possible. If they differ, it must be for adequate and justifiable reasons.  

 

Deregulation: Not Always Against Environmental Protection

     No one can deny that notions like public health and environmental protection are important. Musk’s moronic calls to remove all regulations and Trump’s obsession with the numbers of regulations certainly indicate a lack of respect for expertise. Extreme libertarians may have a similar disdain for rules. But, as Stephen Pinker noted, there is a reason there are no successful socialist nor libertarian countries. The U.S. understood the value of environmental protection when air pollution was out of control and rivers were on fire and Nixon created the EPA. China understood it when Beijing and other cities were choked with smog. Of course, too much and too detailed regulation and regulation that is too expensive is not desirable and Biden was decidedly pro-regulation and prone to overreach, overfunding climate activism, environmental justice, and DEI.  The environmental rollbacks thus far have been fairly predictable. The removal of the LNG pause was a good move as the motivation for the pause was, perhaps ironically, biased science, or science not based on consensus. Getting back out of the Paris Accord was perfectly predictable as Trump asserted his disdain for the international climate change mitigation effort. The U.S. funding commitment will again be put up by Democrat billionaire Michael Bloomberg. As David Brooks recently pointed out, there are many liberal billionaires. However, recent analysis suggests that billionaire donations to Republicans were nearly three times that donated to Democrat candidates. Apparently, that was not the case 10 years ago when donations were more balanced.

     Backtracking on ESG initiatives and climate disclosure is also not unexpected. Many companies will continue voluntarily to address those issues. Legislating is not necessary and backtracking likely won’t cause environmental harm. Even France is considering blocking EU ESG requirements as too cumbersome.

 

Expectations for Trump EPA

     The Trump administration is expected to delegate more environmental authority to states, particularly in enforcement. The effects of this will likely vary by state as some states are more able to do this than others. Investigations will take longer in states less prepared to deal with them.

     The current freezes on federal grants, including regulatory grants, are affecting people and holding up projects. I recently interviewed for a county-level job and was told that they are not certain when or even if the job will be available pending the unfreezing of federal grant money. Money Talks News noted that air monitoring projects approved last year are on hold due to the freeze.

Recently implemented EPA rules targeting dangerous carcinogens like ethylene oxide may be at risk of reversal or delayed enforcement. Last year, the EPA adopted stricter regulations requiring facilities nationwide to conduct air monitoring for ethylene oxide and add equipment reducing emissions by 90%.”

     Superfund site cleanup is expected to be slowed down. Environmental justice cases are expected to be delayed. Fenceline monitoring programs are in limbo. More than 100 new fenceline air monitoring requirements may be affected. Money Talks News explains:

The fence-line monitoring requirement, set to take effect next year, would measure up to six toxic gases and make the data publicly available online. Previous similar requirements for oil refineries successfully reduced benzene emissions, demonstrating the effectiveness of transparent monitoring.”

Without these monitoring systems, communities may remain in the dark about what chemicals are crossing from industrial properties into residential areas. Property investors should consider environmental monitoring availability when evaluating locations for long-term investment.”

They also note that the financial burden for remediation projects may shift back to taxpayers from “polluter pays” taxation for Superfund site cleanup reinstated by the Biden administration as part of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law as there may be repeals.

     Staffing reductions are expected to make environmental investigation timelines longer. Some have noted that the current delays in many of these projects are unprecedented. Some projects have been more or less scrapped or at least expected long delays. These include more detailed investigations and rules development for emerging contaminants.

     Some changes in EPA grants are warranted. For example, new EPA head Lee Zeldin noted that $2 billion was given as part of the $20 billion "gold bar scheme" according to DOGE. The Washington Examiner notes:

The $20 billion in grants doled out by the Biden administration with funds from the Inflation Reduction Act were found "parked" in an outside financial institution in a bid to give the grant money out without oversight, according to EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin.”

The group Power Forward Communities was to receive the money for renewable energy and electrification.

The group said it would spend the grant to provide "needed capital to transform the marketplace for heat pumps, heat pump water heaters, induction stoves, solar panels, home battery systems, EV chargers, and wiring and weatherization upgrades."

Power Forward Communities is a coalition of groups in league with Rewiring America, a group associated with activist engineer Saul Griffith, and has a goal to “electrify everything.” Stacy Abrams serves as senior counsel for the coalition.

 

References:

 

Toxic Takeover: 7 EPA Shifts Under Trump That Could Poison Your Water and Air. MTN Staff. Money Talks News. February 19, 2025. Toxic Takeover: 7 EPA Shifts Under Trump That Could Poison Your Water and Air

The Death of Government Expertise: Why Trump and Musk are on a firing spree. Tom Nichols. The Atlantic. February 17, 2025. The Death of Government Expertise - The Atlantic

The Death of Expertise: The Campaign against Established Knowledge and Why it Matters 2nd Edition. Tom Nichols. March 2024. Book Description. Amazon. The Death of Expertise: The Campaign against Established Knowledge and Why it Matters: Nichols, Tom: 9780197763834: Amazon.com: Books

Why Most Billionaires Still Favor Donald Trump and the Republicans | Opinion, David Faris. October 11, 2024. Why Most Billionaires Still Favor Donald Trump and the Republicans | Opinion - Newsweek

$2 billion in ‘gold bars’ sent from EPA to Abrams-linked climate organization: Lee Zeldin. Jack Birle, Washington Examiner, February 20, 2025. $2 billion in ‘gold bars’ sent from EPA to Abrams-linked climate organization: Lee Zeldin

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